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Snakes
Fossil evidence tells us that snakes evolved from lizards around 130 million years ago (MYA), although the fossil data is inconclusive, as estimates range from 100 MYA to 150 MYA. Currently there are around 3000 species of snake.
Difference between a Venomous and Non-Venomous
We refer to snakes as venomous or non-venomous - not poisonous. To be poisoned you need to ingest (swallow) the venom. We refer to being bitten by a venomous snake as being envenomated.
Only about 600 species are venomous, with only a few of these able to cause humans a serious problem.
Diet
All snakes are carnivores and use two methods to kill their prey, either venomation or constriction.
Even constrictors will strike to bite, this is to stop their prey from being able to escape and then will coil the rest of their body around and begin suffocating (constricting) the animal.
Snakes can swallow prey up to 5 times the size of their head by articulating their jaws around the food. Once swallowed, the snake will appear to yawn to reset their jaw bones.
Snakes will eat anything from invertebrates, small to large mammals, amphibians, lizards, eggs and even each other.
Habitat
Snakes inhabit every continent (except the Antarctic) and even oceans, although there are a few countries (islands) where snakes are not found, these include - Ireland, New Zealand, Iceland and Greenland.
In the UK we have several species, the only venomous being the adder which can be found predominantly in southern regions around heath land and sometimes in dense woodland with open areas ideal to bask in.
Did you know that...
- Heaviest - Is the Anaconda from tropical America which weighed 230kg or the weight of three 12 stone men.
- Fastest - The Black Mamba from Africa with an average speed over land of 10 miles per hour.
- Hungriest - Goes to Okinawa Habu a Pit Viper found on islands near Japan, this snake can last for 3 years without food.
- Oldest - A reliable report is for a Common Boa with lived for just over 40 years of age. This was a captive snake as wild animals life expectancy is considerably shorter.







